DISCERNMENT IN THE LAST DAYS: FALSE VISIONS, SPIRITUAL DECEPTION, AND THE TRUTH OF ORTHODOXY “Beloved, believe not every spirit, but try the spirits whether they are of God.” — 1 John 4:1 INTRODUCTION: NOT EVERY SUPERNATURAL EXPERIENCE COMES FROM GOD We are living in an age in which extraordinary claims, alleged visions, prophetic revelations, miraculous experiences, and messages supposedly received from Heaven spread across the world with astonishing speed. Through social media, YouTube, and countless websites, millions of people are exposed to individuals who claim to have visited Heaven, witnessed Hell, spoken with angels, encountered demons, or received secret revelations about the future. But one fundamental question must never be forgotten: Does every vision come from God? Is every supernatural experience a revelation of divine truth? The answer of Holy Scripture and the Orthodox spiritual tradition is clear: No. The existence of a supernatural claim does not establish its divine origin. Emotional intensity does not prove holiness. Dramatic testimonies do not constitute evidence of spiritual authority. And a person who speaks confidently about God is not necessarily speaking with the authority of God. The greatest danger is not always an obvious rejection of Christianity. Sometimes the danger comes disguised in religious language, accompanied by biblical quotations, dramatic stories, apparent miracles, and promises of secret knowledge. This is why spiritual discernment is essential, especially in an age fascinated by sensational revelations and extraordinary experiences. The Orthodox Christian is not called to chase every new vision. We are called to remain faithful to Jesus Christ, to the Holy Gospel, to the Holy Tradition of the Church, and to the sound guidance of spiritually mature and faithful pastors. 1. THE HOLY SCRIPTURES WARN US AGAINST DECEPTION The warning of the Apostle John is direct: “Beloved, believe not every spirit, but try the spirits whether they are of God.” — 1 John 4:1 Notice what the Apostle does not say. He does not instruct Christians to accept every spiritual claim simply because it appears religious. He commands us to test and discern. Our Lord Jesus Christ also warned: “For there shall arise false Christs, and false prophets, and shall shew great signs and wonders; insomuch that, if it were possible, they shall deceive the very elect.” — Matthew 24:24 This warning should make every Christian pause and think. If the Lord Himself warned that false prophets could perform impressive signs and wonders, how can we assume that every extraordinary testimony must be authentic? The Apostle Paul gives another solemn warning: “And no marvel; for Satan himself is transformed into an angel of light.” — 2 Corinthians 11:14 Spiritual deception does not always appear frightening or openly evil. It may present itself as light, holiness, enlightenment, or special knowledge. Therefore, Christians must examine not merely how impressive an experience appears, but whether its message is consistent with the truth revealed by Christ and preserved in His Church. 2. WHY THE ORTHODOX CHURCH TEACHES CAUTION ABOUT VISIONS The Orthodox Church does not deny that God can grant visions, prophetic gifts, or extraordinary spiritual experiences. Throughout Christian history, the Church has commemorated saints whose lives included remarkable manifestations of divine grace. However, the Church also teaches that extraordinary experiences must be approached with humility and caution. The spiritual danger lies in assuming that every unusual experience comes directly from God. The Orthodox ascetical tradition places great emphasis on nepsis — spiritual watchfulness — and on diakrisis, the discernment of spirits. The saints teach us not to trust our own impressions blindly, not to seek supernatural experiences for their own sake, and not to consider ourselves spiritually important because we have witnessed something unusual. Why? Because human beings can be deceived by their own imagination, emotional states, pride, mistaken interpretations, or the influence of others. The existence of a vivid experience does not, by itself, establish its supernatural origin. True spiritual maturity is not measured by the number of visions a person claims to have received. It is measured by humility, repentance, obedience to Christ, love of neighbour, purity of heart, and faithfulness to the truth. A person may speak endlessly about Heaven and Hell while neglecting the commandments of Christ. Another may never claim a single vision yet live a life of genuine prayer, mercy, and repentance. Which life should we seek to imitate? The Orthodox answer is clear: seek holiness, not sensationalism. 3. THE DANGER OF FALSE REVELATIONS AND EXTRAORDINARY TESTIMONIES Consider the growing popularity of dramatic testimonies in which individuals claim to have visited Heaven or Hell, encountered supernatural beings, received secret messages, or been shown events that will supposedly unfold in the last days. Some of these accounts may be sincere personal interpretations. Others may contain exaggerations, contradictions, unverifiable claims, or teachings that require serious scrutiny. The appropriate Christian response is neither automatic acceptance nor careless condemnation. It is careful examination in the light of Holy Scripture, the faith of the Church, and sound spiritual guidance. One name frequently encountered in online discussions about alleged visions of Heaven and Hell is Angélica Zambrano. Claims associated with such testimonies should not be accepted as established spiritual truth merely because they are dramatic or widely circulated. Specific claims must be examined individually, and any conclusion about a person’s spiritual experiences should be based on reliable evidence rather than assumption. The decisive question is not whether a story attracts millions of views. The decisive question is whether its message is true, whether it agrees with the Orthodox Christian faith, and whether there is sound reason to regard it as spiritually trustworthy. Virality is not holiness. Popularity is not proof. A dramatic testimony is not a substitute for discernment. No Christian should allow fear, curiosity, or the promise of secret knowledge to replace a sound understanding of the Gospel. 4. WHY THE ENEMY SEEKS TO DISTORT THE TRUTH Holy Scripture repeatedly warns that deception can lead people away from the truth. The Apostle Paul writes: “That we henceforth be no more children, tossed to and fro, and carried about with every wind of doctrine.” — Ephesians 4:14 The spiritual danger of false teaching is that it can gradually redirect our attention away from Christ. Instead of repentance, we become fascinated by predictions. Instead of prayer, we pursue extraordinary experiences. Instead of studying the Holy Scriptures, we search endlessly for secret revelations. Instead of cultivating humility, we begin to believe that we possess knowledge unavailable to ordinary Christians. Instead of loving our neighbour, we become consumed by fear of future catastrophes and hidden enemies. This is how spiritual confusion can develop: not necessarily through an immediate rejection of Christianity, but through the gradual displacement of its central message. The Christian life is not a competition to discover the most frightening prophecy or the most sensational revelation. It is a lifelong struggle to love God, repent of our sins, forgive those who wrong us, resist temptation, and remain faithful to Jesus Christ. Anything that consistently draws us away from these duties deserves serious examination. 5. THE ORTHODOX FAITH IS NOT A COLLECTION OF SECRET REVELATIONS The foundation of Christianity is not a modern visionary, an internet personality, or a newly discovered prophecy. The foundation is Jesus Christ. The Orthodox Church receives the faith handed down by the Apostles, expressed in Holy Scripture, confessed in the Church’s worship, and preserved through Holy Tradition. Saint Paul writes: “Therefore, brethren, stand fast, and hold the traditions which ye have been taught, whether by word, or our epistle.” — 2 Thessalonians 2:15 This does not mean that every statement ever made by a Christian, every local custom, or every alleged prophecy should automatically be treated as authoritative. Orthodox discernment requires us to distinguish the authentic faith of the Church from private opinions and unverified claims. A private revelation cannot replace the Gospel. A personal testimony cannot overturn the faith of the Apostles. A sensational prediction cannot become a new foundation for Christian belief. We do not need a constant stream of extraordinary messages to know how to live as Christians. Christ has already commanded us to love God, love our neighbour, repent, forgive, pray, remain watchful, and seek the Kingdom of Heaven. The question is whether we are living according to what He has already revealed. 6. MAGIC, OCCULT PRACTICES, AND THE SEARCH FOR HIDDEN POWER The Holy Scriptures also warn against practices that seek supernatural power, hidden knowledge, or spiritual guidance apart from God. Deuteronomy 18:10–12 condemns divination, sorcery, and related occult practices. The Orthodox Christian therefore has no reason to romanticise occultism or treat it as a harmless path to spiritual enlightenment. Modern culture often repackages such practices under attractive labels: hidden wisdom, universal energy, spiritual awakening, secret knowledge, or access to higher powers. Changing the vocabulary does not automatically change the spiritual nature of a practice. Christians must exercise discernment whenever a teaching encourages people to seek guidance through occult rituals, invoke unknown spiritual forces, or pursue power independently of communion with God. At the same time, we must avoid confusing every unfamiliar practice, psychological experience, or unusual event with demonic activity. We should assess specific teachings and actions carefully rather than condemn people without evidence. Our response must be firm against spiritual deception but free from hatred toward those who may be mistaken. The Christian struggle is against sin, deception, and spiritual evil — not a licence to despise human beings. 7. HOW CAN WE TEST A CLAIMED VISION OR PROPHECY? Every Orthodox Christian should remember several essential principles. First: Test its teaching against the Gospel. Does the message agree with the faith revealed by Christ and the Apostles? Does it encourage repentance, humility, love, and faithfulness to God? Or does it distort the Gospel and encourage spiritual confusion? Second: Examine the fruits. Our Lord teaches: “Wherefore by their fruits ye shall know them.” — Matthew 7:20 Look beyond dramatic claims. Consider whether the message promotes humility, truthfulness, charity, repentance, and responsibility. Third: Reject the obsession with dates and predictions. Christ warned that no one knows the day or hour of His coming (Matthew 24:36). Attempts to establish a timetable for the end of the world should be treated with extreme caution. Fourth: Do not confuse emotion with divine confirmation. Tears, fear, chills, dreams, intense feelings, and powerful impressions do not independently establish that a message comes from God. Fifth: Seek sound spiritual guidance. Discuss troubling or extraordinary claims with a trustworthy Orthodox priest who understands the Church’s spiritual tradition. Do not make major spiritual or personal decisions based solely on an online testimony. Sixth: Do not spread unverified accusations. Discernment requires honesty. We should not declare someone a fraud, a false prophet, or an instrument of evil without adequate grounds. We can reject an unsupported claim without pretending to know the hidden spiritual state of the person making it. Seventh: Keep Christ at the centre. If a supposed revelation makes a personality more important than Christ, or fear more important than faith, it deserves particularly careful scrutiny. These principles protect us from gullibility on one side and reckless condemnation on the other. 8. THE LAST DAYS: FEAR IS NOT THE ANSWER Christians have always lived with the awareness that history is moving toward its fulfilment in God’s Kingdom. The Lord warned of deception, persecution, wars, and spiritual trials. Yet He also commanded His followers not to surrender to fear. “Take heed that no man deceive you.” — Matthew 24:4 This command is not an invitation to become obsessed with every alarming headline or alleged prophecy. It is a call to spiritual vigilance. The Christian who is prepared for the last days is not necessarily the person who knows the most predictions. It is the person who strives to remain faithful to Christ. It is the person who repents instead of excusing sin, forgives instead of nurturing hatred, prays instead of surrendering to despair, and seeks truth instead of chasing rumours. We cannot control every event in the world. We cannot verify every supernatural claim circulated online. We cannot know the future in all its details. But we can choose how we live today. We can remain in the Church, study the Scriptures, participate reverently in the Holy Mysteries, seek wise spiritual counsel, practise charity, and refuse to let sensationalism dominate our spiritual lives. The last days call for vigilance, not hysteria; discernment, not credulity; repentance, not speculation. 9. DO NOT SEEK THE DARKNESS WHEN YOU HAVE THE LIGHT OF CHRIST Look upon the Holy Cross. It is not a symbol of sensationalism, secret knowledge, or spiritual pride. It is the sign of Christ’s sacrificial love, His victory over death, and the hope of salvation. Look upon the icon of the Theotokos. She directs our attention toward her Son, not toward herself as an independent source of revelation. Her life is a witness to humility, obedience, and complete trust in God. Look upon the saints. Their greatness was not founded upon the pursuit of popularity. Their lives bear witness to repentance, prayer, sacrifice, love, and perseverance in the truth. This is the path we must follow. We do not need to be fascinated by darkness to understand the importance of light. We do not need to believe every extraordinary story to believe in the reality of God’s grace. And we do not need secret revelations to know that Christ calls us to holiness. The Lord said: “I am the way, the truth, and the life.” — John 14:6 He did not say that the way to salvation would be found by chasing every new vision, collecting every prophecy, or searching the internet for hidden messages. He calls us to follow Him. CONCLUSION: STAND FIRM IN THE TRUTH OF ORTHODOXY In an age of endless information, dramatic testimonies, spiritual confusion, and competing claims of supernatural authority, discernment is not optional. We must test what we hear. We must examine what we believe. We must refuse to allow fear, curiosity, or emotional manipulation to replace a mature Christian faith. Let us neither accept every claim blindly nor condemn people recklessly. Let us remain sober-minded, prayerful, humble, and faithful to the truth. Let us remember the warning of the Apostle Paul: “Prove all things; hold fast that which is good.” — 1 Thessalonians 5:21 Our hope is not in a modern visionary. Our salvation is not dependent upon a sensational testimony. Our spiritual security is not found in decoding every prediction about the future. Our hope is in Jesus Christ. Our foundation is the Apostolic faith. Our path is repentance, prayer, humility, and love. Let the world chase sensational revelations if it wishes. Let the internet be filled with speculation and extraordinary claims. We must remain watchful. We must remain faithful. We must remain Orthodox. And above all, we must remain close to Jesus Christ, the Light of the world, who alone is the source of our salvation. STAND FIRM IN THE TRUTH OF ORTHODOXY. REJECT DECEPTION. REFUSE SUPERSTITION. DO NOT CHASE FALSE CERTAINTIES. KEEP YOUR EYES ON CHRIST, YOUR HEART IN PRAYER, AND YOUR SOUL GROUNDED IN THE HOLY TRADITION OF THE CHURCH. May our Lord Jesus Christ grant us discernment, humility, courage, and steadfast faith, now and always, unto the ages of ages. Amen. ⸻ “The light shineth in darkness; and the darkness comprehended it not.” — John 1:5 ORTHODOX CHRISTIANITY — DISCERNMENT IN THE LAST DAYS An appeal for spiritual watchfulness, faithfulness to Holy Tradition, and unwavering trust in Jesus Christ.

Sunday, September 20, 2026

The Reality of after life for the orthodox Christians

https://youtu.be/JrA1xA85_GY?si=DxJCvAhcAQujS3lJ

🇬🇧 ENGLISH

THE 20 AERIAL TOLL HOUSES

The Journey of the Soul After Death According to Orthodox Tradition

The Orthodox tradition has preserved a profound description of the condition of the soul after death. One of the most detailed accounts is found in the Life of Saint Basil the New, where Blessed Theodora describes to Gregory the journey of her soul after leaving the body.

In this account, the soul is accompanied by angels and passes through twenty aerial toll houses, where demons accuse it of different categories of sins.

It is important to understand that the “toll houses” should not be imagined as literal customs checkpoints or buildings in the sky. They are a spiritual image of the soul’s postmortem trial and of a person’s accountability for the life they have lived. The account in question is a hagiographical text and not a dogmatic definition issued by an Ecumenical Council.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF WORDS

Here the sins committed by a person through the mouth are examined:

vain words, idle talk, obscene language, mockery, ridicule, unnecessary conversations, and words that hurt one’s fellow human being.

Christ warns us that a person will give an account even for his or her useless words.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF LYING

Here lies are brought to light:

small and great lies, false promises, false testimony, and every deliberate distortion of the truth.

Tradition emphasizes that truth is not merely a social virtue but a spiritual condition.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF SLANDER

Slander and defamation are examined.

A person is called to account for the times when he or she damaged someone’s reputation, spread malicious information, or spoke about someone in a way that harmed them.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF GLUTTONY

Here excess in food and drink is examined.

It is not simply about the fact that someone eats. It concerns the enslavement of a person to bodily desires and the loss of self-control.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF IDLENESS

Laziness, negligence, and spiritual indifference are examined.

Not only physical laziness, but also negligence toward one’s duties, prayer, repentance, and spiritual life.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF THEFT

Here the taking of things belonging to others is examined.

Theft of money, objects, property, or anything that belongs to another person.

Tradition does not limit theft to the act of taking something. It examines the injustice behind it.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF LOVE OF MONEY

Here the love of money is examined.

Wealth itself is not the object of condemnation, but rather the transformation of money into an idol and the attachment of the heart to it.

When a person loves money more than God and his or her fellow human being, love of money becomes spiritual slavery.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF USURY

Usury and the exploitation of another person through money are examined.

Tradition focuses on the injustice that may lie behind a financial transaction when one person exploits another person’s need.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF INJUSTICE

Here the injustices a person committed during life are examined.

Injustice toward one’s fellow human being, deception, dishonesty, and exploitation.

The message is clear: a person cannot truly love God while deliberately committing injustice against his or her fellow human being.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF ENVY

Envy is examined.

Sorrow over another person’s happiness, jealousy of their success, the desire for them to lose what they have acquired, and the inner satisfaction when another person fails.

Envy is considered a particularly dangerous passion because it can remain deeply hidden within the heart.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF PRIDE

Here lies one of the deepest spiritual passions.

Pride, vanity, self-glorification, contempt for others, and the refusal to recognize one’s dependence upon God.

The Orthodox ascetical tradition considers pride to be the root of many other passions.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF ANGER

Anger and wrath are examined.

Outbursts, aggression, insults, and the cultivation of hatred toward another person.

It is not merely about the emotion of anger, but primarily about the state in which a person allows anger to dominate the soul.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF RESENTMENT

Here resentment is examined—that is, the keeping of evil within the heart.

“I will never forgive him.”

This condition represents a refusal to forgive and continues to poison the soul even many years after the original event.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF MURDER

Here the crime of taking a human life is examined.

Tradition regards murder as one of the gravest forms of sin.

In the spiritual interpretation, however, the destructive power of hatred and violence is also examined as a condition of the heart.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF SORCERY

Here magic, divination, occult practices, and the search for supernatural power outside God are examined.

The Orthodox tradition rejects recourse to such practices and calls people to trust in God rather than occult powers.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF FORNICATION

Sexual sins and the misuse of human sexuality are examined.

Orthodox teaching regards the body as God’s creation and sexuality as something that should not be separated from love, responsibility, and holiness.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF ADULTERY

Here the violation of marital faithfulness is examined.

Adultery is presented not merely as a violation of a social rule, but as a betrayal of a relationship and a destruction of trust.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF CARNAL PERVERSION

In the traditional account, there is a separate toll house for particular forms of sexual sin that the Byzantine hagiographical tradition regarded as grave.

Here caution is necessary: this concerns the category as it is presented in the particular hagiographical text and should not be used to humiliate or hate any human being.

Orthodox teaching simultaneously calls for repentance for sin and for love and respect toward every human person.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF HERESY

Here departure from the truth of the faith is examined.

Unbelief, apostasy, false teachings, and distortion of the faith are presented as matters for which a person is accountable.

For the Orthodox tradition, faith is not merely a collection of theoretical ideas. It is a relationship with God and a life within the Church.

  1. THE TOLL HOUSE OF MERCILESSNESS

The final toll house concerns mercilessness and hardness of heart.

Here we find one of the strongest messages of the entire account.

A person is not examined only for the evil he or she did, but also for the good that could have been done and was not done.

The absence of charity, compassion, and love toward one’s fellow human being reveals a heart that has moved away from the love of God.

WHAT DOES THE ACCOUNT TEACH OVERALL?

The story of Theodora should not be read as a “price list” of sins or as a mechanism in which demons have the authority to decide by themselves the eternal destiny of a soul.

The central message is different:

A person is responsible for his or her life.

According to this tradition, the demons are the accusers who remind the soul of its sins. They are not the final judges.

Judgment belongs to God.

And precisely for this reason, the Orthodox tradition places such great emphasis on repentance, confession, forgiveness, prayer, almsgiving, and participation in the Mysteries of the Church.

Father Seraphim Rose also emphasized that the teaching of the toll houses should not be understood in a crudely literal manner. He presented it as part of the broader Orthodox witness concerning human accountability after death and spiritual warfare.

AND WHAT ABOUT THE “BEING OF LIGHT” IN NEAR-DEATH EXPERIENCES?

Here we come to an extremely interesting point.

Some people who report near-death experiences speak of an intense light, peace, love, or a luminous presence.

From an Orthodox perspective, however, we cannot conclude merely from the appearance of light that the experience comes from God.

At the same time, it is not correct to say that every experience of light is automatically demonic.

Orthodox spiritual life places great importance on the discernment of spirits.

The real criterion is not simply:

“Was it luminous?”

but:

What was it that appeared? What did it teach? What did it call the person to do? Does it agree with the Gospel of Christ? Does it lead to repentance, humility, and love for God, or to self-deification and spiritual delusion?

This is a much deeper criterion.

THE GREAT MESSAGE

The account of the toll houses was not given to terrify people.

It was given as a warning concerning the life we are living now.

Because the moment of death is not the moment when we begin correcting our soul.

Preparation begins here.

With repentance.

With confession.

With forgiveness.

With love.

With almsgiving.

With prayer.

With participation in the Mysteries of the Church.

And above all:

with Christ.

For the Orthodox faith does not teach that a person is saved because he or she managed to “pass through a toll house” by his or her own strength.

Salvation is the grace of God and life in Christ.

Therefore, the message of the Church to the human person is not:

“Fear the toll houses.”

But:

“Repent, love Christ, forgive, pray, and prepare your soul for eternity.”

And when the time comes to depart from this life, the Christian’s hope is not found in his or her own strength.

It is found in the mercy of God.

“Lord Jesus Christ, have mercy on me.”

🇷🇺 РУССКИЙ

20 ВОЗДУШНЫХ МЫТАРСТВ

Путь души после смерти согласно православному преданию

Православное предание сохранило глубокое описание состояния души после смерти. Одно из наиболее подробных повествований находится в Житии святителя Василия Нового, где блаженная Феодора рассказывает Григорию о пути своей души после выхода из тела.

В этом повествовании душу сопровождают ангелы, и она проходит через двадцать воздушных мытарств, где бесы обвиняют её в различных категориях грехов.

Важно понимать, что «мытарства» не следует представлять как буквальные таможни или здания на небе. Это духовный образ посмертного испытания души и ответственности человека за прожитую жизнь. Данное повествование является агиографическим текстом, а не догматическим определением Вселенского Собора.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО ПУСТЫХ СЛОВ

Здесь рассматриваются грехи, совершаемые человеком посредством уст:

пустые слова, празднословие, непристойные слова, насмешки, издевательства, ненужные разговоры и слова, причиняющие боль ближнему.

Христос предупреждает нас, что человек даст ответ даже за свои праздные слова.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО ЛЖИ

Здесь обнаруживается ложь:

маленькая и большая ложь, ложные обещания, ложные свидетельства и всякое сознательное искажение истины.

Предание подчёркивает, что истина является не просто социальной добродетелью, но духовным состоянием.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО КЛЕВЕТЫ

Здесь рассматриваются клевета и злословие.

Человек призывается дать ответ за те случаи, когда он разрушал репутацию другого, распространял злонамеренные сведения или говорил о ком-либо так, что причинял ему вред.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО ЧРЕВОУГОДИЯ

Здесь рассматривается невоздержанность в пище и питье.

Речь идёт не просто о том, что человек ест. Речь идёт о порабощении человека телесными желаниями и утрате самообладания.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО ЛЕНИ

Здесь рассматриваются лень, небрежность и духовное безразличие.

Не только физическая лень, но и небрежность по отношению к обязанностям, молитве, покаянию и духовной жизни.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО КРАЖИ

Здесь рассматривается присвоение чужого.

Кража денег, вещей, имущества или всего того, что принадлежит другому человеку.

Предание не ограничивает понятие кражи только самим актом присвоения. Оно рассматривает несправедливость, которая стоит за этим поступком.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО СРЕБРОЛЮБИЯ

Здесь рассматривается любовь к деньгам.

Осуждается не само богатство, а превращение денег в идола и привязанность к ним сердца человека.

Когда человек любит деньги больше Бога и ближнего, сребролюбие становится духовным рабством.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО ЛИХОИМСТВА

Здесь рассматриваются ростовщичество и эксплуатация другого человека посредством денег.

Предание обращает внимание на несправедливость, которая может скрываться за финансовой сделкой, когда один человек использует нужду другого.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО НЕСПРАВЕДЛИВОСТИ

Здесь рассматриваются несправедливости, совершённые человеком в течение жизни.

Несправедливость по отношению к ближнему, обман, нечестность и эксплуатация.

Послание ясно: человек не может по-настоящему любить Бога и одновременно сознательно поступать несправедливо по отношению к своему ближнему.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО ЗАВИСТИ

Здесь рассматривается зависть.

Печаль из-за счастья другого, ревность к его успеху, желание, чтобы он потерял приобретённое, и внутреннее удовлетворение от неудачи другого человека.

Зависть считается особенно опасной страстью, потому что она может глубоко скрываться в сердце.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО ГОРДОСТИ

Здесь находится одна из самых глубоких духовных страстей.

Гордость, тщеславие, самолюбование, презрение к другим и отказ признать свою зависимость от Бога.

Православная аскетическая традиция считает гордость корнем многих других страстей.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО ГНЕВА

Здесь рассматриваются гнев и ярость.

Вспышки гнева, агрессия, оскорбления и культивирование ненависти к другому человеку.

Речь идёт не просто об эмоции гнева, но прежде всего о состоянии, в котором человек позволяет гневу господствовать над его душой.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО ЗЛОПАМЯТСТВА

Здесь рассматривается злопамятность — сохранение зла в сердце.

«Я никогда его не прощу».

Такое состояние является отказом от прощения и продолжает отравлять душу даже спустя много лет после первоначального события.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО УБИЙСТВА

Здесь рассматривается преступление лишения человека жизни.

Предание считает убийство одной из самых тяжёлых форм греха.

Однако в духовном толковании разрушительная сила ненависти и насилия также рассматривается как состояние сердца.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО ЧАРОДЕЙСТВА

Здесь рассматриваются колдовство, гадание, оккультные практики и поиск сверхъестественной силы вне Бога.

Православное предание отвергает обращение к таким практикам и призывает человека доверять Богу, а не оккультным силам.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО БЛУДА

Здесь рассматриваются сексуальные грехи и злоупотребление человеческой сексуальностью.

Православное учение рассматривает тело как творение Божие, а сексуальность — как нечто, что не должно быть отделено от любви, ответственности и святости.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО ПРЕЛЮБОДЕЯНИЯ

Здесь рассматривается нарушение супружеской верности.

Прелюбодеяние представляется не просто как нарушение общественного правила, но как предательство отношений и разрушение доверия.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО ПЛОТСКОГО ИЗВРАЩЕНИЯ

В традиционном повествовании существует отдельное мытарство для определённых форм сексуального греха, которые византийская агиографическая традиция считала тяжкими.

Здесь необходима осторожность: речь идёт о категории, представленной именно в данном агиографическом тексте, и она не должна использоваться для унижения или ненависти к какому-либо человеку.

Православное учение одновременно призывает к покаянию в грехе и к любви и уважению к каждому человеческому лицу.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО ЕРЕСЕЙ

Здесь рассматривается отступление от истины веры.

Неверие, отступничество, ложные учения и искажение веры представлены как вопросы, за которые человек несёт ответственность.

Для православного предания вера — это не просто совокупность теоретических идей. Это отношение с Богом и жизнь в Церкви.

  1. МЫТАРСТВО НЕМИЛОСЕРДИЯ

Последнее мытарство связано с немилосердием и жестокостью сердца.

Здесь находится одно из самых сильных посланий всего повествования.

Человек рассматривается не только за то зло, которое он совершил, но и за то добро, которое он мог совершить, но не совершил.

Отсутствие милосердия, сострадания и любви к ближнему раскрывает сердце, удалившееся от любви Божией.

ЧЕМУ В ЦЕЛОМ УЧИТ ЭТО ПОВЕСТВОВАНИЕ?

Историю Феодоры не следует читать как «прейскурант» грехов или как механизм, в котором бесы самостоятельно имеют власть решить вечную участь души.

Главное послание иное:

Человек ответственен за свою жизнь.

Согласно этому преданию, бесы являются обвинителями, которые напоминают о грехах души. Они не являются окончательными судьями.

Суд принадлежит Богу.

И именно поэтому православное предание придаёт такое большое значение покаянию, исповеди, прощению, молитве, милостыне и участию в Таинствах Церкви.

Отец Серафим Роуз также подчёркивал, что учение о мытарствах не следует понимать грубо и буквально. Он представлял его как часть более широкого православного свидетельства об ответственности человека после смерти и духовной брани.

А ЧТО НАСЧЁТ «СВЕТОВОГО СУЩЕСТВА» В ОПЫТАХ, БЛИЗКИХ К СМЕРТИ?

Здесь мы подходим к чрезвычайно интересному вопросу.

Некоторые люди, рассказывающие об околосмертных переживаниях, говорят о ярком свете, мире, любви или светящемся присутствии.

Однако с православной точки зрения нельзя заключать только по появлению света, что переживание исходит от Бога.

В то же время неправильно утверждать, что всякий опыт света автоматически является демоническим.

Православная духовная жизнь придаёт большое значение различению духов.

Настоящий критерий — не просто:

«Было ли это светлым?»

но:

Что именно явилось? Чему оно учило? К чему призывало человека? Соответствует ли это Евангелию Христову? Ведёт ли оно к покаянию, смирению и любви к Богу или к самообожествлению и духовной прелести?

Это гораздо более глубокий критерий.

ГЛАВНОЕ ПОСЛАНИЕ

Повествование о мытарствах было дано не для того, чтобы терроризировать человека.

Оно было дано как предупреждение о той жизни, которой мы живём сейчас.

Потому что момент смерти — не тот момент, когда мы начинаем исправлять свою душу.

Подготовка начинается здесь.

С покаяния.

С исповеди.

С прощения.

С любви.

С милостыни.

С молитвы.

С участия в Таинствах Церкви.

И прежде всего:

со Христом.

Потому что православная вера не учит, что человек спасается потому, что собственными силами смог «пройти мытарство».

Спасение — это благодать Божия и жизнь во Христе.

Поэтому послание Церкви человеку — не:

«Бойся мытарств».

Но:

«Покайся, возлюби Христа, прощай, молись и приготовь свою душу к вечности».

И когда придёт время уйти из этой жизни, надежда христианина заключается не в его собственных силах.

Она заключается в милости Божией.

«Господи Иисусе Христе, помилуй меня».


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